Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Truncation and activation of GSK-3β by calpain I: a molecular mechanism links to tau hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer's disease

Figure 1

Activation of calpain I and truncation of GSK-3β are elevated in AD brain and truncation of GSK-3β is correlated with the activation of calpain I in human brain.

(A) Western blots of frontal cortical homogenates from AD and control cases show an increase in truncation of GSK-3β and calpain I in AD. Arrow indicates the full-length GSK-3β or calpain I and vertical bars indicate the truncated forms of these proteins. (B) The levels of full length and truncated GSK-3β were decreased and increased, respectively, in AD brains. Blots from panel A were quantitated by densitometry and the relative levels of total, full-length and truncated GSK-3β are presented as mean ± S.D. (n = 3). ***, p < 0.001. (C, D) Truncation of GSK-3β and calpain I normalized to corresponding total protein levels show increase in AD brain. Data are presented as mean ± S.D. (n = 7). ***, p < 0.001. (E) Activation of calpain I (truncated/total) directly correlates with the truncation of GSK-3β (truncated/total) in human brain. The Spearman correlation coefficient r and p value are shown.

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