Table 1 Analysis of variance (mean squares) of the morpho-physiological and qualitative traits for the accessions reported in Table S1, evaluated in four environments

From: Diversity trends in bread wheat in Italy during the 20th century assessed by traditional and multivariate approaches

Source

df

HD (days from 01/04)

PH (cm)

Sp/S (n°)

Se/S (n°)

TKW (g)

Ha (index)

PC (% d.b.)

SSV (mL)

Group (G)

8

998.07**

33692.16**

3.07

1691.37**

776.68**

7269.29**

109.69**

909.00**

Line (Group) [L(G)]

148

32.40**

357.37**

5.80**

103.70**

71.62**

701.00**

3.98**

210.82**

G × E

24

31.14**

1248.46**

5.61**

253.15**

25.88**

291.73**

5.05**

71.40**

[L(G)] × E

444

4.27**

49.24**

1.82

58.15**

9.58**

33.58**

1.19**

26.84**

  1. G variance was tested using G × E variance, [L(G)] variance was tested using [L(G)] × E variance, G × E and [L(G)] variances were tested using the pooled error of the check cultivar Salmone. Level of statistical significance: * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01.
  2. df, degrees of freedom; HD, heading date; PH, plant height; Sp/S, number of spikelets per spike; Se/S, number of seeds per spike; TKW, thousand-kernel weight; Ha, hardness; PC, protein content; SSV, SDS sedimentation volume.
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