Figure 3
From: A three-dimensional phase diagram of growth-induced surface instabilities
Experimental validation of the phase diagram for instability patterns in film-substrate structures with high adhesion energies.
(A) Comparison between experimental data and the phase diagram of surface instability patterns without delamination. Experimental images to show the formation of (B) creases, (C) wrinkles and folds, (D) wrinkles and period-doubles and (E) wrinkles and ridges in film-substrate structures with different modulus ratios and mismatch strains. The film-substrate modulus ratios are (B) 0.3, (C) 3.64, (D) 67.24 and (E) 9110, respectively.
