Figure 1

Schematic diagram of the fabrication process.
(a) Mixing of silica source, block copolymer and graphene oxides (b) Synthesis of vertically oriented mesoporous silica channels on two-dimensional substrates. (c) Infiltration of gaseous magnesium into mesoporous silica. (d) Formation of magnesium oxide and silicon nanoparticles. (e) The formation of completely reduced silicon nanoparticles after removal of magnesium oxide by treatment with hydrochloric.