Figure 4

Temperature-dependent magnetization of PSMO film under a 0.02T magnetic field and +7.8 kVcm−1 (0 kVcm−1) electric field upon heating and cooling for the in-plane (a) [100] and (b) directions.
Before measuring, the sample was cooled to 10 K with joint applications of both +7.8 kV/cm electric field and 0.02T magnetic field. The arrows indicate temperature sweeping directions. The insets in (a) and (b) present the temperature dependence of the relative magnetization change (ΔM/M(0) = (M(0)-M(E))/M(0)) between the cooling processes with +7.8 kV/cm and a zero electric field.