Figure 2
From: Red Queen dynamics in multi-host and multi-parasite interaction system
Illustrative examples of population time series showing Red Queen and non-Red Queen dynamics; n = 5, K = 2, r = 0.1, αij = 0.01 for i ≠ j and αij = 0.96 for i = j.
(a) Non-Red Queen dynamics in host populations where the minimum points of the oscillations are near relatively low values; d = 0.01. (b) Red Queen dynamics (out-of-phase population cycles with perpetual replacement of dominant population); d = 0.12. (c) Non-Red Queen dynamics exhibiting permanent coexistence in host populations (the population of all hosts are relatively far from zero); d = 0.27.
