Table 2 Effect of memantine vs. placebo during 12 weeks of treatment on primary and secondary outcomes in heroin-dependent patients.

From: Low-dose memantine attenuated methadone dose in opioid-dependent patients: a 12-week double-blind randomized controlled trial

Parameter	Covariant	Estimate	SE	t	p-value	AIC ¹
Primary Outcome
Methadone dose required ^2,4	Treatment received X Treatment course	−0.948	0.446	−2.128	0.034^*	5709.7
	Treatment received	0.135	3.957	0.034	0.973
	Treatment course	1.307	0.291	4.488	<0.001
	Age	−0.904	0.273	−3.303	0.001
	Gender	−0.068	5.099	−0.013	0.989
% of change from baseline in methadone dose required ²	Treatment received X Treatment course	−0.031	0.014	−2.242	0.025^*
	Treatment received	0.044	0.059	0.749	0.454	497.0
	Treatment course	0.051	0.009	5.545	<0.001
	Age	0.004	0.003	1.630	0.106
	Gender	−0.071	0.051	−1.392	0.166
Secondary Outcome
TNF-α (pg/mL)	Treatment received X Treatment course	−0.035	0.012	−2.924	0.004^**	300.4
	Treatment received	0.078	0.070	1.117	0.265
	Treatment course	0.003	0.008	0.425	0.671
	Age	0.004	0.004	1.009	0.315
	Gender	−0.045	0.079	−0.567	0.572
CRP (pg/mL)	Treatment received X Treatment course	−0.017	0.010	−1.630	0.104	228.0
	Treatment received	0.016	0.077	0.213	0.832
	Treatment course	−0.014	0.007	−2.055	0.040
	Age	−0.002	0.005	−0.378	0.706
	Gender	−0.045	0.096	−0.475	0.636
IL-6 (pg/mL) ²	Treatment received X Treatment course	0.003	0.010	0.283	0.777	181.4
	Treatment received	−0.007	0.064	−0.114	0.909
	Treatment course	−0.016	0.007	−2.351	0.019
	Age	0.007	0.004	1.657	0.100
	Gender	−0.131	0.076	−1.733	0.085
IL-8 (pg/mL)	Treatment received X Treatment course	−0.016	0.017	−0.921	0.357	655.0
	Treatment received	0.092	0.091	1.014	0.312
	Treatment course	−0.032	0.011	−2.923	0.004
	Age	0.002	0.015	0.430	0.668
	Gender	0.019	0.099	0.190	0.850
TGF-β1 (pg/mL)	Treatment received X Treatment course	0.028	0.012	2.403	0.017^*	231.7
	Treatment received	−0.057	0.058	−0.997	0.319
	Treatment course	−0.016	0.008	−2.077	0.038
	Age	−0.010	0.003	−3.219	0.002
	Gender	0.114	0.059	1.915	0.058
BDNF (pg/mL)	Treatment received X Treatment course	312.750	212.400	1.472	0.142	12273.6
	Treatment received	−2066.35	1168.28	−1.769	0.078
	Treatment course	−344.76	138.88	−2.482	0.013
	Age	−258.48	68.47	−3.775	<0.001
	Gender	3090.11	1293.35	2.389	0.018

SE: Standard Error; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; CRP: C-reactive protein; IL-6: interleukin 6; IL-8: interleukin 8; TGF-β1: transforming growth factor β1; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor.
Primary outcomes and secondary outcomes are dependent variables. Independent variable shown here is the interaction of treatment received and treatment course. Other covariables are treatment received, treatment course, gender, age. Reference group is Placebo group.
^*p < 0.05,
^**p < 0.01
¹AIC: Akaike’s Information Criteria.

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Table 2 Effect of memantine vs. placebo during 12 weeks of treatment on primary and secondary outcomes in heroin-dependent patients.

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