Figure 1

RM improves energy homeostasis and alters gut microbiota in db/db mice.
Fasting glucose (a), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (b) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) (c) showed improvements in db/db mice after 8 weeks of RM treatment relative to Ctrl (n = 7-8). Area under curve (AUC) values are also shown for GTT and ITT. Values are presented as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. For microbial sequencing analysis, alpha-diversity plots of gut microbiota (d) and heat maps of relative abundance of OTUs (as percentage of total microbiota) (e) are shown for db/db mice treated for 8 weeks with Ctrl or RM (n = 4-5). Level 2 (phylum) and 6 (genus) are shown. P values for diversity plots were calculated by 2-way ANOVA (repeated measure) to be Chao1 (P = 0.62) or Shannon (P = 0.59). See Supplementary Tables 1 and 2 for numerical values for heat maps in (e).