Figure 3
From: Tailoring the magnetic anisotropy of Py/Ni bilayer films using well aligned atomic steps on Cu(001)

(a) Magnetic torque of Hsin(ϕH − ϕM)vs ϕM from ROTMOKE measurement on vicinal Cu/Py(6 ML)/Cu(001). The red line is the fitting result using eqn. (2). (b) The anisotropy field versus Py thickness. A linear fit using eqn. (3) determines the surface and volume parts of the step-induced uniaxial magnetic anisotropy.