Figure 5

ATRA treatment: cell cycle and caspase activity.
(A) Cells silenced for HIF1A or EPAS1 expression were treated for 6 days with 5 μM or 10 μM ATRA and processed for flow cytometry using propidium iodide. The proportion of cells at each stage of the cell cycle were calculated. (B) Caspase-3 activity was assessed in the same cells (V, vehicle; 5 μM and 10 μM ATRA) and the data were normalized with respect to the negative control. (C) Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay, after 3, 4, 5 and 6 days (D) of ATRA treatment. Significances between the vehicle and the ATRA-treated cells are shown. The data are means of two experiments (* P < 0.05).