Table 4 Effects of gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes.

From: Associations of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcomes in nulliparous women delivering single live babies

 

Inadequate GWG (N = 404)

Adequate GWG (N = 969)

Excessive GWG (N = 1600)

N (%)

P

AOR (95%CI)

N (%)

N (%)

P

AOR (95%CI)

Cesarean sectiona

150 (37.1)

0.145

0.84 (0.66–1.07)

412 (42.5)

912 (57.0)

0.000

2.02 (1.59–2.56)

PPHa

23 (5.7)

0.141

1.53 (0.90–2.62)

41 (4.2)

112 (7.0)

0.576

1.31 (0.89–1.91)

Preterm deliveryb

35 (8.7)

0.293

1.12 (0.86–1.67)

55 (5.7)

133 (8.3)

0.040

1.48 (1.05–2.71)

PPROMb

21 (5.2)

0.074

1.60 (0.64–2.75)

31 (3.2)

45 (2.8)

0.054

0.51 (0.30–1.17)

GDMc

151 (37.4)

0.000

2.11 (1.63–2.74)

224 (23.1)

317 (19.8)

0.011

0.75 (0.62–0.92)

GHTc

8 (2.0)

0.926

0.96 (0.41–2.24)

20 (2.1)

29 (1.8)

0.216

0.59 (0.26–1.36)

Preeclampsiac

7 (1.7)

0.185

0.52 (0.09–2.04)

22 (2.3)

61 (3.8)

0.010

1.78 (1.34–4.27)

SGAc

9 (2.2)

0.000

3.45 (1.28–9.80)

8 (0.8)

13 (0.8)

0.202

0.92 (0.52–1.04)

Macrosomiac

20 (5.0)

0.325

1.30 (0.77–2.20)

71 (7.3)

237 (14.8)

0.000

2.61 (1.61–4.25)

  1. AOR, adjusted odds ratio; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; GHT, gestational hypertension; GWG, gestational weight gain; PPH, postpartum hemorrhage; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membranes; SGA, small for gestational age. AORs are presented relative to the adequate GWG group; aadjusted for maternal age, height, gestational weeks, family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes, prepregnancy body mass index and birth weight; badjusted for maternal age, height, family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes and prepregnancy body mass index; cadjusted for maternal age, height, gestational weeks, family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes and prepregnancy body mass index.
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