Figure 5
From: S-maltoheptaose targets syndecan-bound effectors to reduce smoking-related neutrophilic inflammation
Decrease in airway accumulation of neutrophils and CINC-1 following treatment with S-maltoheptaose.
(A) Lung tissue sections were stained for NE (a, c, e) or CINC-1 (b, d, f) and then counter-stained with haematoxylin. NE-positive cells lining the basal side of the bronchial epithelium were rarely observed in cases treated with S-maltoheptaose (a vs c, arrows). CINC-1 immuno-positivity enriched along the luminal and basal sides of the bronchial epithelium were barely observable in cases treated with S-maltoheptaose (b vs d, arrowheads). Neither immuno-positivity for NE nor CINC-1 was observable in the sham air controls (e & f). (B) Double immunofluorescence for syndecan-1 (SDC-1) and CINC-1. (a) and (b): Bright field images of the lung tissue sections. Tissues treated with mere carrier revealed localisation of SDC-1 (c) and CINC-1 (e) to the bronchial epithelium, more prominent on the luminal side than on the basal side. The merged image (g) further revealed co-localisation of SDC-1 and CINC-1. Tissue sections treated with S-maltoheptaose indicated weaker immunofluorescence for SDC-1 (d) and hardly any detectable CINC-1 (f) at the bronchial epithelium. This was reinforced by the sole immunofluorescence of SDC-1 at the bronchial epithelium in the merged image (h). Arrows in (g) indicate sites where SDC-1 and CINC-1 are co-localised at the luminal side of the bronchial epithelium. *bronchial lumen. Scale bar = 100 μm.
