Figure 6
FFA triggers production of proinflammatory cytokine and VEGF partly through LDH-a/HIF1-α pathway.
(a~d) Primary mouse chondrocytes were transfected with siNC (20 nM), siLDH-a (20 nM) or Toll-like receptor 4 specific siRNA (siTLR4, 20 nM) for 12 h, treated with BSA (5%) or FFA (200 μM) for 24 h and then harvested for IL-6 (a), TNF-α (b), IL-1β (c) and VEGF (d) mRNA assay with Realtime PCR. (n = 4). (e~h) Male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a ND or HFD for 8 weeks and treated with LDH-a inhibitor (Oxamate, 500 mg/kg.d), HIF1α inhibitor (KG-548, 1 mg/kg.d), TLR4 inhibitor (TLR4-I, 1 mg/kg.d) or Oxamate (500 mg/kg.d) plus TLR4-I (1 mg/kg.d) for 2 weeks. Then, the cartilage of knee was isolated and subjected for IL-6 (e), TNF-α (f), IL-1β (g) and VEGF (h) mRNA assay with Realtime PCR. (n = 5). From (a) to (h), values not sharing a common superscript letter differ significantly (P < 0.05).
