Figure 2
From: Very low embryonic crude oil exposures cause lasting cardiac defects in salmon and herring
Embryonic oil exposure reduced critical swimming speed and maximum metabolic rate of juveniles.
Mean Ucrit (±s.e.m.) is given as an absolute speed (A and C, cm/s) or relative to body length (B and D, BL/s) for (A,B) salmon exposed to clean effluent (ΣPAH 0.2  μg/L, N = 51) or oiled gravel effluent with ΣPAH 15  μg/L (N = 45) and 45  μg/L (N = 52); and (C,D) herring exposed to clean gravel effluent (ΣPAH 0.04  μg/L, N = 32) and oiled gravel effluent with ΣPAH 0.23  μg/L (N = 33). (E) Maximum metabolic rate (MMR) for juvenile herring during Ucrit assays. Oxygen consumption data passing statistical criteria (clean gravel, N = 23; oiled gravel, N = 22) were used to calculate MMR as described under Methods. For salmon data, P values are shown for effect of oil exposure from ANOVA while P values over oil-exposed groups represent comparison to controls in post-hoc analysis. For herring data, P values shown are for effect of treatment (oil exposure) and tank effect, respectively, from a nested ANOVA (replicate nested under treatment).
