Table 2 Serum antioxidant vitamin concentrations and dietary intakes by outcome status in Chinese women.
Cases (N = 458) | Control (N = 742) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
Dietary intakesa | |||
Dietary energy intake, kcal/d | 1803 (569, 2614) | 1893 (552, 2764) | 0.003 |
Dietary retinol equivalents, μg/d | 439 (231, 602) | 458 (228, 611) | 0.124 |
Dietary vitamin A, μg/d | 226 (110, 414) | 237 (104, 422) | 0.098 |
Dietary β-carotene, μg/d | 2558 (1202, 3925) | 2653 (1299, 4001) | 0.386 |
Dietary vitamin E, mg/d | 8.9 (4.8, 19.8) | 10.1 (5.9, 20.5) | 0.065 |
Dietary vitamin C, mg/d | 80 (32, 199) | 112 (46, 243) | <0.001 |
Serum concentrations | |||
Serum retinol, μg/d | 60.6 (39.2, 82.9) | 60.9 (34.2, 89.1) | 0.584 |
Serum α-carotene, μg/d | 4.52 (3.69, 5.88) | 5.21 (4.01, 6.23) | 0.008 |
Serum β-carotene, μg/d | 17.2 (12.2, 25.4) | 18.9 (14.9, 30.0) | 0.001 |
Serum vitamin E, μg/d | 0.81(0.49, 1.12) | 1.01 (0.65, 1.54) | <0.001 |
Serum vitamin C, mg/d | 884 (547, 1123) | 1001 (653, 1545) | <0.001 |
