Table 3 Quantities of major volatile compounds released by non-infested and aphid pre-infested chilli plants through headspace sampling by SPME.

From: Aphid-induced Defences in Chilli Affect Preferences of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Volatile compound

RT

Non-infested

Pre-infestation by aphids

P-value

Monoterpenes

 α-Pinene

7.73

0.060 ± 0.045

0.006 ± 0.006

0.386

 β-Pinene

9.23

0.023 ± 0.023

0.006 ± 0.003

0.525

 Limonene

10.85

0.410 ± 0.22

0.217 ± 0.068

0.173

 p-Cymene

10.6

0.016 ± 0.008

0.043 ± 0.003

0.005

 Geranylacetone

23.23

0.323 ± 0.117

0.137 ± 0.078

0.155

 β-2-Carene

11.65

0.076 ± 0.076

0.010 ± 0.005

0.250

 y-Terpineol

16.21

0.00

0.130 ± 0.045

0.051

 α-Terpineol

16.13

0.00

1.11 ± 1.11

0.211

 Terpinen-4-ol

15.63

0.00

0.050 ± 0.050

0.211

 Camphor

14.71

0.00

0.403 ± 0.143

0.053

 1,4-Cineole

9.96

0.00

0.050 ± 0.050

0.374

 1,8-Cineole

10.7

0.00

0.056 ± 0.012

0.021

 Borneol

15.45

0.00

0.140 ± 0.049

0.052

Triterpenes

 Squalene

56.18

1.690 ± 0.88

0.263 ± 0.206

0.251

Sesquiterpenes

 α-Humulene

23.55

0.723 ± 0.078

0.00

0.012

 (E)-Caryophyllene

22.73

0.82 ± 0.79

1.44 ± 1.20

0.459

 Copaene

21.26

0.157 ± 0.123

0.010 ± 0.006

0.360

 β -Cadinene

25.08

0.00

0.366 ± 0.006

0.000

 α-Copaene

21.21

0.00

0.143 ± 0.044

0.045

Aldehydes

 Nonanal

13.16

0.243 ± 0.158

0.217 ± 0.217

0.792

 Decanal

11.96

0.433 ± 0.069

0.357 ± 0.251

0.716

 Octanal

10.01

0.00

0.143 ± 0.143

0.423

Ketones

 5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl

9.41

0.070 ± 0.032

0.00

0.161

Fatty acids

 Hexadecanoic acid

35.16

0.237 ± 0.109

0.00

0.645

Hydrocarbons

 Eicosane

37.71

0.513 ± 0.062

0.073 ± 0.038

0.009

 Tetradecane

21.7

0.197 ± 0.068

0.653 ± 0.470

0.452

 Hexacosane

48.45

4.99 ± 2.0

2.62 ± 2.6

0.081

 Tridecane

21.56

0.286 ± 0.072

0.1000 ± 0.005

0.123

 Undecane

12.76

0.297 ± 0.061

0.290 ± 0.051

0.954

 Dodecane

15.85

0.297 ± 0.073

0.170 ± 0.085

0.331

 Heptacosane

45.58

3.04 ± 1.03

1.56 ± 1.56

0.605

 Pentadecane

24.35

0.086 ± 0.052

0.033 ± 0.033

0.582

 Decane

9.3

0.250 ± 0.056

0.296 ± 0.066

0.663

Ester

 Methyl salicylate

16.06

0.00

0.056 ± 0.012

0.042

  1. RT = retention time.
  2. Each value represents the mean peak areas (±SE) of 3 replicates. P values in boldface indicate significant differences between the means for non-infested and pre-infested plants in that row, at α = 0.05, using t-tests (one-tailed; two-tailed).
Back to article page