Table 2 The comparison between different catalysts on esterification reactiona.

From: Tailoring the Synergistic Bronsted-Lewis acidic effects in Heteropolyacid catalysts: Applied in Esterification and Transesterification Reactions

Catalysts

CON(%)

MAG(%)

DAG(%)

TAG(%)

Total selectivity to DAG and TAG

TOFb (mmol/mmol·h)

H5PW11TiO40

97.4

37.9

55.4

6.7

62.1

1007.86

Ti0.25H2PW12O40

95.0

52.5

39.6

7.9

47.5

1055.10

H5PW11CuO39

94.9

54.0

43.6

2.4

46.0

981.88

H3PW12O40

90.9

61.7

33.5

4.8

38.3

977.30

H3PW11SnO39

77.9

76.1

22.9

1.0

23.9

821.61

H5PW11ZrO40

75.3

54.4

34.3

11.4

45.8

791.49

H5PW11ZnO39

73.5

89.8

9.0

1.2

10.2

760.97

H4PW11AlO39

71.9

88.5

11.2

0.3

11.5

733.73

H4PW11FeO39

70.6

84.1

15.4

0.5

15.9

728.15

H4PW11CrO39

66.9

74.8

24.4

0.8

32.4

689.00

  1. aReaction conditions: Molar ratio of glycerol to acetic acid = 1:5, 75 °C, 3 wt% of catalyst, and 60 min.
  2. bTOF = n(Gly) × conversion/time·n(catalyst).
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