Figure 3

TEN significantly modulates a sympathetic skin response and emotional thermoregulation by increasing facial temperatures as indicated by functional infrared thermography.

(a) Pseudo-colored infrared (IR) images are shown for representative subjects from the sham (top) and TEN (bottom) treatment groups obtained in Experiment 1. The average baseline temperature and time points corresponding to 5, 10 and 20 min following the onset of a 15 min sham or TEN treatment are illustrated. (b) Histograms (left) illustrate the average baseline temperatures obtained from the foreheads, noses, chins and cheeks (Supplementary Figure 1) of subjects during the 5 min baseline period prior to sham or TEN treatment. The lineplots (right) illustrate the average percentage change in temperature (ΔT) of foreheads, noses, chins and cheeks of subjects at time points corresponding to 2^nd, 5^th, 10^th and 20^th min period after the onset of sham (black) or TEN (blue) treatment (Supplementary Videos 1 and 2). The vertical dahsed lines in the line plots illustrates the termination of sham or TEN treatments. The P values for groups differences calculated from repeated measures analysis ANOVA’s are shown and an asterisk indicates a significant group difference at P < 0.05. For clarity all data have been shown as mean ± SEM.