Table 1 Body weight, serum biochemistry and liver profiles in sacrificed Bama minipigs.

From: Hyperinsulinemia shifted energy supply from glucose to ketone bodies in early nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from high-fat high-sucrose diet induced Bama minipigs

 

HFHSD

Control

P value

Body weight (kg)

140.28 ± 8.52

51.30 ± 5.85

<0.001*

Serum biochemistry

   

Fasting glucose (mmol/L)

4.99 ± 1.11

6.62 ± 0.85

0.061

Fasting insulin (μIU/L)

28.32 ± 7.84

5.71 ± 0.39

0.001*

Total cholesterol (μmol/L)

3.41 ± 0.29

1.18 ± 0.38

0.002*

HDL-C (μmol/L)

0.97 ± 0.52

0.27 ± 0.07

0.038*

LDL-C (μmol/L)

1.32 ± 0.17

0.62 ± 0.17

0.004*

Triglyceride (μmol/L)

1.72 ± 0.32

0.44 ± 0.19

<0.001*

FFA (μmol/L)

215.63 ± 24.44

335.17 ± 95.50

0.027*

ALT (IU/L)

12.70 ± 1.35

18.00 ± 1.32

0.004*

AST (IU/L)

15.60 ± 1.98

31.00 ± 2.65

0.002*

SOD (IU/ml)

147.87 ± 19.59

188.82 ± 4.65

0.008*

Fe (μmol/L)

28.18 ± 6.96

18.35 ± 0.85

0.033*

Liver profile

   

Ketone bodies (mmol/L)

   

β-hydroxybutyrate

0.33 ± 0.03

0.02 ± 0.005

0.003**

Acetoacetate

0.019 ± 0.006

0.018 ± 0.001

0.166

Fatty acid

 Myristoleic (g/100 g)

0.023 ± 0.005

0.007 ± 0.012

0.118

 Palmitic (g/100 g)

0.86 ± 0.08

0.58 ± 0.03

<0.001*

 Palmitoleic (g/100 g)

0.055 ± 0.017

0.01 ± 0.01

0.020*

 Stearic (g/100 g)

0.92 ± 0.05

0.86 ± 0.02

0.048*

 Oleic (g/100 g)

0.92 ± 0.11

0.40 ± 0.02

<0.001*

 Linoleic (g/100 g)

0.39 ± 0.08

0.68 ± 0.02

<0.001*

 Arachidonic (g/100 g)

0.31 ± 0.16

0.12 ± 0.02

0.036*

MDA (nmol/ml)

2.24 ± 1.05

0.63 ± 0.27

0.019*

Fe (mg/100 g)

85.38 ± 28.83

45.68 ± 3.88

0.012*

GSH-PX (U/mg protein)

60.12 ± 24.42

119.51 ± 40.25

0.026*

T-AOC (U/mg protein)

0.21 ± 0.02

0.26 ± 0.04

0.048*

% of inflammatory cells

19.59 ± 2.60

6.37 ± 1.19

<0.05*

% of islets with an area of >10000 μm2

77.35 ± 1.76

22.63 ± 1.15

<0.01*

  1. *Significant difference. Abbreviations: HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FFA: free fatty acids; ALT: glutamic-pyruvic transaminase; AST: glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase; SOD: superoxide dismutase; Fe: Ferrum; MDA: malondialdehyde; GSH-PX: glutathione peroxidase; T-AOC: total antioxidant capacity.
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