Table 1 Summary of all PERMANOVA analyses.

Factors	Df	F Model	R ²	P -value
(a) Single strain ferments only
Region	5	2.056	0.100	0.001***
Batch	2	3.687	0.072	0.001***
Region*Batch	9	0.860	0.076	0.093
Residuals	77		0.752
Total	93		1
(b) Single strain ferments only, with chemicals standardised by OAV
Region	5	2.758	0.127	0.002**
Batch	2	4.302	0.079	0.001***
Region*Batch	9	0.987	0.082	0.166
Residuals	77		0.711
Total	93		1
(c) Single strain ferments with strains with mixed ancestry removed
Region	5	3.176	0.198	0.006**
Batch	2	3.092	0.077	0.005**
Region*Batch	9	1.482	0.166	0.056
Residuals	45		0.560
Total	61		1
(d) Co-ferments and blends only, testing for effect of the type of ferment
Type	1	2.425	0.061	0.014*
Batch	2	3.698	0.186	0.014*
Residuals	30		0.753
Total	33		1
(e) All co-ferment samples only
Region	5	1.555	0.346	0.073
Batch	2	2.364	0.210	0.073
Residuals	10		0.444
Total	17		1
(f) All blend samples only
Region	5	1.375	0.339	0.196
Batch	2	1.704	0.168	0.196
Residuals	10		0.493
Total	17		1

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