Table 1 Effect of seed priming with PEG (30%) on germination percentage (GP%), germination index (GI), Energy of germination (EG%), mean germination time (MGT d.) and leaf surface area (cm2) of two rice cultivars under different ZnO nanorods concentrations.
Cultivars | Priming with | nano-ZnO conc. | GP (%) | GI | EG (%) | MGT (days) | Leaf surface area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PEG (%) | (mg L−1) | (cm2) | |||||
Zhu Liang You 06 | 0 | 0 | 90.00 ± 2.00 e | 96.66 ± 2.30 a–c | 81.33 ± 2.30 g | 6.13 ± 0.05 f | 3.30 ± 0.11 i |
250 | 86.00 ± 3.46 f | 95.00 ± 2.00 bc | 76.00 ± 4.00 h | 7.19 ± 0.08 c | 2.65 ± 0.39 j | ||
500 | 82.00 ± 3.46 g | 90.33 ± 4.50 d | 76.00 ± 0.05 h | 7.71 ± 0.10 b | 2.67 ± 0.04 j | ||
750 | 52.00 ± 2.00 j | 57.33 ± 3.21 g | 72.00 ± 0.09 i | 8.53 ± 0.32 a | 2.45 ± 0.13 j | ||
30 | 0 | 95.33 ± 1.15 b–d | 98.33 ± 0.57 ab | 100.00 ± 0.04 a | 4.53 ± 0.25 j | 4.95 ± 0.05 d | |
250 | 93.33 ± 1.15 c–e | 97.00 ± 0.08 a–c | 94.66 ± 2.30 cd | 5.50 ± 0.10 h | 4.60 ± 0.10 e | ||
500 | 92.00 ± 0.05 de | 94.33 ± 2.30 bc | 92.00 ± 0.08 de | 6.30 ± 0.10 ef | 4.23 ± 0.20 fg | ||
750 | 66.00 ± 2.00 h | 68.66 ± 3.05 f | 88.00 ± 0.07 f | 6.88 ± 0.07 d | 4.03 ± 0.05 gh | ||
Qian You No. 1 | 0 | 0 | 96.00 ± 0.05 bc | 96.00 ± 0.03 a–c | 96.00 ± 4.00 bc | 5.43 ± 0.14 h | 4.41 ± 0.10 ef |
250 | 92.00 ± 0.03 de | 95.00 ± 0.08 bc | 96.00 ± 0.08 bc | 5.80 ± 0.10 g | 4.13 ± 0.15 gh | ||
500 | 90.00 ± 0.05 e | 93.00 ± 0.07 cd | 90.66 ± 2.30 ef | 6.38 ± 0.07 e | 3.88 ± 0.07 h | ||
750 | 58.00 ± 2.08 i | 60.00 ± 2.00 g | 88.00 ± 0.07 f | 6.88 ± 0.07 d | 3.38 ± 0.02 i | ||
30 | 0 | 100.00 ± 0.06 g | 100.00 ± 0.07 a | 100.00 ± 0.09 a | 4.16 ± 0.03 k | 5.90 ± 0.10 a | |
250 | 98.00 ± 0.05 ab | 98.00 ± 0.09 ab | 100.00 ± 0.09 a | 4.71 ± 0.10 j | 5.61 ± 0.17 b | ||
500 | 98.00 ± 0.07 ab | 98.00 ± 0.07 ab | 99.00 ± 0.05 ab | 5.14 ± 0.05 i | 5.26 ± 0.05 c | ||
750 | 84.00 ± 4.00 fg | 84.00 ± 4.00 e | 98.00 ± 0.07 ab | 5.40 ± 0.10 h | 5.03 ± 0.05 cd |
