Table 1 Results of immunostaining of pathological specimens with anti-PAR1-QDs.

	Recurrence	Sample No.	Age	Stage	HER2 Score	ER/PgR	Metastatic Site	Relapse-free survival time (years)	anti-PAR1-QDs score
Normal tissue		Sample 1	35						0.3
		Sample 2	47						0.1
		Sample 3	55						0.1
		Sample 4	56						0.2
Cancer tissue	Five years without recurrence	Sample 5	56	IIIA	0	+/+			4.8
		Sample 6	49	IA	1	+/+			5.1
		Sample 7	62	IIB	1	+/+			2.5
		Sample 8	41	IIB	1	+/+			2.1
		Sample 9	58	IIB	0	+/+			1.3
	Recurrence within 3 years	Sample 10	35	IIA	0	+/−	Lung	0.83	13
		Sample 11	47	IIIC	0	+/+	Bone, Liver	1.08	6.3
		Sample 12	51	IA	0	−/+	Brain, Lung, Lymph node,	0.83	25.2
		Sample 13*	40	IIB	1	−/−	Brain, Lung,	0.83	12.2
		Sample 14*	54	IIA	0	−/−	Brain, Liver, Lung	0.75	1.7
		Sample 15*	60	IIIC	1	−/−	Bone, Liver, Lymph node,	2	0.5
		Sample 16*	42	IIB	1	−/−	Brain, Lung	2	4
		Sample 17*	80	IA	0	−/−	Liver, Lung	0.67	5.5
		Sample 18*	75	IIIC	0	−/−	Bone, Liver	1.75	0.5
		Sample 19*	41	IA	1	−/−	Bone, Liver	2.58	0.5
		Sample 20*	55	IIIC	0	−/−	Brain, Liver, Lung	0.83	23.2

Four normal breast tissue samples from breast cancer patients (samples 1–4), five from HER2-negative breast cancer cases that remained non-metastatic for more than 5 years after surgery (samples 5–9) and 11 HER2-negative cases with metastasis within 3 years after surgery (samples 10–20) were selected. Asterisks indicate triple-negative cases (samples 13–20). The patients with metastasis were diagnosed as having a recurrence within 3 years after surgery at Tohoku University Hospital. The anti-PAR1-QD score shows the calculated number of QD particles in a cell. Based on these measurements, 300–1,000 cells were investigated per patient sample.

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