Table 1 Characterization of Aeroxide© n-TiO2 P25 in ASW standard suspension.

From: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles stimulate sea urchin immune cell phagocytic activity involving TLR/p38 MAPK-mediated signalling pathway

Parameters

Techniques

Data

Primary size (nm)

TEM

10 to 65 nm

Shape

 

Irregular and Semi-spherical

Crystallographic phases

 

Anatase and Rutile (4:1)

Surface area

BET

61 m2/g

Pore size

 

0.5 ml/g

Structure

 

Mesoporous

Agglomeration (nm) in

DLS

350 ± 41 nm at 0.20 h

ASW suspension

 

466 ± 9 nm at 25 h

(1 μg/ml)

 

519 ± 59 nm at 50 h

  1. Modified from Brunelli et al. 2013.
  2. TEM: transmission electron microscopy.
  3. BET: method of Brunauer, Emmett and Teller58.
  4. DLS dynamic light scattering.
  5. Anatase and Rutile: two mineral forms of the titanium dioxide.
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