Figure 2

Hydrodynamic and anhydrous diameters of CNPs.
(a) Hydrodynamic diameters increase from 1 to ≈46 nm in the order of CNP-PEG 20 K, CNP-PEG 1 K, CNP-PEG 10 K, CNP-PEG 400, CNP-PEI and CNP. (b) Hydrodynamic sizes from DLS increase from ≈139 to ≈250 nm in the order of CNP-PEG 4.6 K, CNP-Bis-MPA, CNP-PAMAM−, CNP-PolyLys and CNP-PAMAM+. (c–h) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of CNPs: (c–e) pre-passivated CNP-PEG 400, CNP-PEG 4.6 K and CNP-PEG 10 K, respectively. (f–h) post-functionalized CNP-Bis-MPA, CNP-PEI and CNP-PolyLys, respectively. Representative TEM images to depict the presence of outer passivating polymer layers from CNP-PolyLys (i,j), CNP-PEG 10 K (k,l), CNP-Bis-MPA (m), CNP-PEG 4.6 K (n) and CNP-Pristine (o).