Figure 7
pHBSP attenuates inflammation in vivo.
(A–D) PBS, scrambled peptide or pHBSP (120 μg/kg/2days) was given to HFD-fed mice and ND-fed mice were injected with PBS as a sham control. At week 16, the mice were sacrificed to take WAT for RT-PCR. (A–D) The expression of TNF-α (A), IL-6 (B), iNOS (C) and MCP-1 (D) in WAT decreased following 120 μg/kg pHBSP treatment compared with the control group. (E–H) F4/80 staining was applied to visualize ATM infiltration in the adipose tissue taken at week 16. The arrows indicate CLS formation in adipose tissue in HFD-fed mice treated with PBS, 120 μg/kg scrambled peptide or 120 μg/kg pHBSP. ATM (F4/80+) infiltration was significantly suppressed by 120 μg/kg pHBSP treatment compared to PBS and scrambled peptide control treatment (n = 6). (I–M) SVF cells were isolated from adipose tissue at week 16 and 120 μg/kg pHBSP diminished the expression of TNF-α (I), IL-6 (J) and iNOS (K) mRNA in SVF cells, whereas the treatment up-regulated the expression of Fizz-1 (L) and arginase-1 (M) mRNA. (N) The mice were sacrificed at week 16 to harvest SVF cells from adipose tissue and the protein levels of PPARγ in F4/80+ SVF cells were measured. Treatment with 120 μg/kg pHBSP increased PPARγ expression in F4/80+ SVF. N = 6 per group; SVF indicates stromal cular fraction; SP indicates scrambled peptide; Peptide indicates 120 μg/kg pHBSP; data are the mean ± SEM; the error bars indicate s.e.m. and significance is indicated by *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.005, as determined by one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. The scale bars are 50 μm.
