Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, a high-energy intermediate of glycolysis, attenuates experimental arthritis by activating anti-inflammatory adenosinergic pathway

Figure 2

FBP ameliorates antigen-induced arthritis.

mBSA-immunized C57BL/6 mice were pretreated with FBP (10, 30 or 100 mg.kg−1) or vehicle (Veh) 24 h and 30 min before challenge with mBSA (30 μg/knee joint). (A) Anti-mBSA IgG levels in the serum of naive and mBSA-immunized mice. (B) Mechanical hyperalgesia analysed 6 h after arthritis induction. (C) Articular oedema determined at different times after arthritis induction. (D,E) Measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity determined with the in vivo imaging system IVIS Spectrum using XenoLight Rediject Inflammation Probe. (D) Representative chemiluminescence images and (E) normalized radiance intensity among the groups analysed 6 h after arthritis induction. (F) Neutrophils infiltration into the joint analysed 6 h after arthritis induction. (G–I) Intra-articular TNF-α (G), IL-6 (H) and IL-10 (I) tissue levels determined 6 h after arthritis induction. Data represent mean ± s.e.m., n = 5 mice per group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 compared with vehicle group.

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