Figure 4
Fear emotion was evoked in FSN and PSN rats.
(a,d,g,j,m) Photomicrographs of Fos staining in the amygdala, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, DI/GI subregions of the insula and AI subregions of the insula, respectively. Scale bars = 200 μm. (b,c) Activity in the LA and CeA but not BA was significantly enhanced when FSN and PSN rats were startled awake. (e,f) Activity in the IL decreased in FSN and PSN rats, whereas the PrL showed no significant changes. (h, i) Cg2 activity decreased in FSN and PSN rats, whereas the Cg1 showed no significant changes. (k,n) c-Fos expression in regions of the insular cortex (AIV, AID, DI and GI) did not change in FS and FSN rats. (l,o) The PSN group exhibited a significant decrease in c-Fos expression in the DI and GI compared with the PSC group; no significant changes were observed in the AIV and AID. The data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, different from control; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, different from FSC/PSC (Student-Newman-Keuls test). n = 6–10 per group.
