Figure 4

Cross section SEM images of a typical particle.
(a–b) Cross section SEM images of a typical hollow eightling-like Cu microparticle formed after 70 min. The dash lines in b indicate the clear twinning interfaces. (c–d) The SEM images of the cross section of a typical nanoporous Cu/Cu2O/Cu dented cubic composite particle formed after 30 min. The dashed lines in d show the possible twinning interfaces for oxygen diffusion path. The scale bars represent 500 nm.