Table 3 Association of baseline homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 with eGFR decline rate during follow-upa.

From: Hyperhomocysteinemia predicts renal function decline: a prospective study in hypertensive adults

Variable

Subjects (N)

eGFR decline rate (ml/min/1.73 m2/year) (median [Q1, Q3])

Crude Model

Adjusted Modelb

Hcy, FA, vitamin B12 Fully Adjusted Modelc

β (SE)

P

β (SE)

P

β (SE)

P

Homocysteine (μmol/L)

 Continuous (log transformed)

2387

−0.87 (−2.04, 0.20)

0.12 (0.13)

0.347

−0.42 (0.13)

0.001

−0.46 (0.14)

<0.001

 Tertiles:

        

 Tertile 1 (men<12.8 μM/L, women <10.2 μMmol/L)

796

−0.87 (−1.92, 0.06)

0 (ref)

−

0 (ref)

–

0 (ref)

–

 Tertile 2 (men12.8–16.5 μM/L, women 10.2–13.1 μMmol/L)

793

−0.89 (−1.93, 0.07)

0.02 (0.12)

0.868

−0.17 (0.11)

0.117

−0.16 (0.11)

0.160

 Tertile 3 (men>16.5 μM/L, women >13.1 μM/L)

798

−0.84 (−2.23, 0.48)

0.04 (0.12)

0.729

−0.45 (0.11)

<0.001

−0.48 (0.12)

<0.001

 P for trend

   

0.729

 

<0.001

 

<0.001

Folate (nmol/L)

 Continuous (per 5 nmol/L increase)

2296

−0.87 (−2.01, 0.21)

0.06 (0.07)

0.402

0.07 (0.07)

0.332

0.02 (0.07)

0.785

 Tertiles:

        

 Tertile 1 (men<5.1 nM/L, women<6.3 nM/L)

765

−0.92 (−1.98, 0.09)

0 (ref)

–

0 (ref)

–

0 (ref)

–

 Tertile 2 (men5.1~7.2 nM/L, women: 6.3 ~ 9.2 nM/L)

765

−0.85(−1.96, 0.21)

0.12 (0.12)

0.311

0.08 (0.11)

0.461

0.02 (0.11)

0.869

 Tertile 3 (men>7.2 nM/L, women >9.2 nM/L)

766

−0.84 (−2.08, 0.29)

0.07 (0.12)

0.556

0.05 (0.11)

0.628

−0.06 (0.11)

0.609

 P for trend

   

0.556

 

0.629

 

0.640

Vitamin B12 (pg/ml)

 Continuous(per 100 pg/ml increase)

2296

−0.87 (−2.01, 0.21)

0.05 (0.03)

0.109

0.01 (0.03)

0.737

−0.01 (0.03)

0.634

 Tertiles:

        

 Tertile 1 (<341.7 pg/ml)

765

−1.06 (−2.09, −0.12)

0 (ref)

–

0 (ref)

–

0 (ref)

–

 Tertile 2 (341.7~430.2 pg/ml)

765

−0.80 (−2.13, 0.31)

0.26 (0.12)

0.030

0.12 (0.11)

0.285

0.05 (0.11)

0.676

 Tertile 3 (>430.2 pg/ml)

766

−0.68 (−1.77, 0.46)

0.41 (0.12)

<0.001

0.21 (0.11)

0.057

0.08 (0.12)

0.475

 P for trend

   

<0.001

 

0.057

 

0.476

  1. Abbreviations: ACEIs, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FA, folate; Hcy, homocysteine; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
  2. aeGFR decline rate was calculated as the difference between the follow-up eGFR and baseline eGFR, which was divided by follow-up duration and expressed as ml/min/per 1.73 m2/year. Negative eGFR change indicates a fall in eGFR during follow-up.
  3. bHomocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 were individually included in the multivariate model as continuous or categorical variables. Model was adjusted for age, gender, SBP, diabetes, smoking, cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, body mass index, eGFR, previous use of ACEIs/ARBs and SBP at the end of the follow-up.
  4. cHomocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 were all included in the multivariate model as continuous or categorical variables. Model was adjusted for age, gender, SBP, diabetes, smoking, cholesterol, HDL-C, triglycerides, body mass index, eGFR, previous use of ACEIs/ARBs and SBP at the end of the follow-up.
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