Figure 8 | Scientific Reports

Figure 8

From: Catestatin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum induced cell apoptosis by activation type 2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion

Figure 8

Proposed mechanism of CST’s protective effects in cardiac I/R injury.

CST acts as an endogenous M2 receptor agonist, activates M2 receptor and causes inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (AC) activity via the α subunit (αi) of Gi, thereby decreasing cAMP level while stimulating by isoproterenol or forskolin. During cardiac I/R, CST binds to M2 receptor and activates ERK1/2 and PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway to reduce ER-stress response and cell apoptosis.

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