Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Osteoarthritis-like pathologic changes in the knee joint induced by environmental disruption of circadian rhythms is potentiated by a high-fat diet

Figure 2

Chronic circadian disruption and high-fat diet accelerate progression of OA in mouse joints.

(a) Safranin-O/Fast Green staining for knee joint histological evaluation. In (Panel a), the upper row of 4 images are at low magnification (4X), while the lower row of 4 images is at higher magnification (20X). Black arrows indicate PG loss and fibrillation. Red arrow indicate PG loss in the growth plate. (b,c) Severity of articular cartilage degradation was graded using OARSI scoring system. Values are presented as mean ± SD (Comparing non-shifted ND mice to shifted ND mice: **P < 0.01; comparing non-shifted ND mice to shifted HFD mice: ***P < 0.001; comparing shifted ND mice to shifted HFD mice: #P < 0.05). MFC, medial femoral condyle; MTP, medial tibial plateau. Histological evaluation for the pathological changes in glenohumeral joints (d), lumbar spine intervertebral discs (Magnification: 10X) (e) and spine facet joints (f) of non-shifted HFD mice and shifted HFD mice by Safranin-O/Fast green staining. In (Panel d,f), the upper row of 2 images are at low magnification (4X), while the lower row of 2 images is at higher magnification (20X). NP, Nucleus pulposus; AF, Annulus fibrosus. Red arrows indicate PG loss in the growth plate. For each group n = 6.

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