Table 2 Pooled hazard ratios of all-cause mortality in pancreatic cancer patients with and without DM.
Type of estimate | Studies (estimates), No. | Total patients, No. | Patients with DM, No. | Pooled HR (95% CI)* | I2, % | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 29 (33) | 19818 | 5257 | 1.13 (1.04–1.22) | 66.7 | <0.001 |
Studies of full articles | 28 (32) | 19774 | 5257 | 1.12 (1.03–1.21) | 66.4 | <0.001 |
Adjusted for confounders | ||||||
Any confounders | 23 (25) | 17843 | 4757 | 1.13 (1.03–1.24) | 72.5 | <0.001 |
Age | 15 (17) | 14601 | 3667 | 1.08 (0.98–1.20) | 66.8 | <0.001 |
BMI | 6 (8) | 3948 | 1036 | 1.17 (0.98–1.39) | 61.2 | 0.012 |
Stage | 12 (14) | 6156 | 1523 | 1.09 (0.95–1.26) | 66.7 | <0.001 |
Patient source | ||||||
Population-based | 4 (6) | 5372 | 1124 | 1.12 (0.95–1.32) | 59.6 | 0.030 |
Clinic-based studies | 25 (27) | 14446 | 4133 | 1.13 (1.02–1.25) | 68.6 | <0.001 |
DM exposure type | ||||||
Primary exposure | 10 (12) | 11638 | 3110 | 1.21 (1.06–1.39) | 78.6 | <0.001 |
One of multiple exposures | 19 (21) | 8180 | 2147 | 1.07 (0.96–1.20) | 54.6 | 0.001 |
Cancer Stage | ||||||
Resected or resectable | 13 (14) | 4473 | 1037 | 1.37 (1.15–1.63) | 61.2 | 0.001 |
Unresectable | 8 (9) | 2214 | 718 | 1.07 (0.89–1.29) | 53.6 | 0.028 |
Mixed stages | 10 (10) | 13131 | 3502 | 1.01 (0.93–1.10) | 60.2 | 0.007 |
