Table 3 Propensity score (PS)-adjusted and conventional multivariable analyses of factors associated with 30-day all-cause mortality.
From: Mortality Benefits of Antibiotic Computerised Decision Support System: Modifying Effects of Age
Factor | Model 1 | Model 2 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PSa-adjusted multivariable analysis | Conventional multivariable analysis | PSa-adjusted multivariable analysis | Conventional multivariable analysis | |||||||||
OR | (95% CI) | P value | OR | (95% CI) | P value | OR | (95% CI) | P value | OR | (95% CI) | P value | |
Patient Factors | ||||||||||||
Age >65 years | 1.46 | (1.07–2.00) | 0.0179 | 1.46 | (1.06–2.01) | 0.0218 | 1.41 | (1.02–1.95) | 0.0353 | 1.43 | (1.03–1.98) | 0.0304 |
Male gender | 1.19 | (0.93–1.51) | 0.1616 | 1.16 | (0.91–1.49) | 0.2179 | 1.19 | (0.94–1.52) | 0.1540 | 1.18 | (0.92–1.51) | 0.1884 |
Ethnicity | ||||||||||||
Chinese | 1.13 | (0.58–2.22) | 0.7164 | 1.17 | (0.59–2.33) | 0.6447 | 1.10 | (0.55–2.17) | 0.7890 | 1.15 | (0.57–2.33) | 0.6948 |
Malay | 1.31 | (0.62–2.76) | 0.4811 | 1.39 | (0.65–2.97) | 0.3942 | 1.27 | (0.60-2.71) | 0.5376 | 1.35 | (0.62–2.94) | 0.4506 |
Indian | 0.86 | (0.38–1.95) | 0.7187 | 0.88 | (0.39–2.02) | 0.7695 | 0.82 | (0.36–1.87) | 0.6354 | 0.86 | (0.37–1.99) | 0.7174 |
Other | 1.00 | .. | .. | 1.00 | .. | .. | 1.00 | .. | .. | 1.00 | .. | .. |
Singapore resident | 1.23 | (0.54–2.80) | 0.6170 | 1.22 | (0.53–2.79) | 0.6425 | 1.23 | (0.54–2.81) | 0.6252 | 1.21 | (0.45–3.26) | 0.7118 |
Private ward class | 0.68 | (0.40–1.13) | 0.1386 | 0.66 | (0.39–1.12) | 0.1243 | 0.67 | (0.39–1.12) | 0.1269 | 0.65 | (0.38–1.13) | 0.1288 |
Charlson’s comorbidity index >5 | 2.00 | (1.47–2.71) | <0.0001 | 1.97 | (1.44–2.68) | <0.0001 | 2.18 | (1.59–2.99) | <0.0001 | 2.12 | (1.54–2.92) | <0.0001 |
Prior hospitalisation | – | – | – | 1.00 | (0.77–1.30) | 0.9730 | – | – | – | 0.97 | (0.75–1.27) | 0.8458 |
Prior antibiotics | – | – | – | 1.11 | (0.81–1.53) | 0.5029 | – | – | – | 1.07 | (0.78–1.48) | 0.6650 |
Length of stay prior to antibiotics >7 days | – | – | – | 0.97 | (0.74–1.27) | 0.8448 | – | – | – | 1.05 | (0.80–1.39) | 0.7215 |
Antibiotic prescription on weekend/public holiday | – | – | – | 1.16 | (0.90–1.51) | 0.2485 | – | – | – | 1.17 | (0.90–1.52) | 0.2348 |
Antibiotic prescription at nightb | – | – | – | 1.05 | (0.82–1.35) | 0.6722 | – | – | – | 1.04 | (0.81–1.33) | 0.7854 |
Diagnosed Infection | ||||||||||||
Pneumonia | – | – | – | 1.72 | (0.95–3.12) | 0.0731 | – | – | – | 1.53 | (0.79–2.94) | 0.2030 |
Sepsis | – | – | – | 3.00 | (1.58–5.70) | 0.0008 | – | – | – | 2.61 | (1.30–5.26) | 0.0071 |
Urinary tract infection | – | – | – | 0.84 | (0.39–1.79) | 0.6500 | – | – | - | 0.75 | (0.33–1.69) | 0.4924 |
Hepatobiliary or Intra-abdominal | – | – | – | 1.51 | (0.74–3.08) | 0.2630 | – | – | – | 1.62 | (0.75–3.52) | 0.2195 |
Other | – | – | – | 1.00 | .. | .. | – | – | – | 1.00 | .. | .. |
ICU Admission | 1.96 | (1.40–2.75) | <0.0001 | 1.85 | (1.31–2.61) | 0.0004 | 2.47 | (1.70–3.58) | <0.0001 | 2.25 | (1.54–3.29) | <0.0001 |
Prescribing Physician Factor (ICC = 0% [PS], 0% [Conventional]) | ||||||||||||
Junior physician | 1.02 | (0.69–1.51) | 0.9340 | 1.05 | (0.70–1.56) | 0.8206 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Attending Physician Factor (ICC = 0.1% [PS], 0% [Conventional]) | ||||||||||||
Clinical Specialty Factor (ICC = 0.8% [PS], 1.0% [Conventional]) | ||||||||||||
Medical specialty | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.53 | (1.02–2.30) | 0.0413 | 1.46 | (0.95–2.25) | 0.0833 |
Receipt of antibiotics according to ARUSC’s Recommendations | 0.54 | (0.26–1.10) | 0.0882 | 0.54 | (0.27–1.11) | 0.0922 | 0.52 | (0.25–1.05) | 0.0686 | 0.52 | (0.26–1.06) | 0.0728 |
Receipt of antibiotics according to ARUSC’s Recommendations*Age > 65 | 2.32 | (1.08–4.98) | 0.0302 | 2.34 | (1.09–5.04) | 0.0296 | 2.38 | (1.11–5.13) | 0.0267 | 2.39 | (1.11–5.16) | 0.0262 |
