Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption in vitro and in vivo by a prenylflavonoid xanthohumol from hops

Figure 3

XN inhibits ovariectomy-induced bone loss by inhibiting osteoclast activity in vivo.

Four weeks after ovariectomy or sham-operation, mice were divided into three groups: sham-operated mice (sham), ovariectomized mice treated with vehicle (OVX) and OVX mice treated with XN (OVX + XN) (10 mg/kg, n = 6) for another five weeks. The treated mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with XN every days. Then, all the mice were euthanized for bone histomorphometry. (A,B) Histomorphometric analysis of lumbar vertebrae from sham, OVX, OVX + XN mice. Bone value/total value (BV/TV), trabecular space (Tb.Sp) and trabecular number (Tb.N) were analyzed as described in Materials and Methods. n = 6. (C,D) TRAP staining of the whole calvaria. The osteoclast area were analyzyed by OsteoMeasure Analysis system as described in Materials and Methods (D). (E) Effect of XN on mouse body weight at the concentrations tested. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.

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