Figure 6

Representation of the vascular effects of ranolazine involving Nav channel inhibition in vascular myocytes and in sympathetic nerve endings and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonization.
Nav: voltage-gated sodium channels; Cav: voltage-gated calcium channels, NCX: sodium-calcium exchanger; IP3R: IP3 receptor; SR: sarcoplasmic reticulum. The dotted arrow illustrates Cav channel antagonism as reported previously by Deng et al.24 and Malavaki et al.25