Table 3 Taxonomic proposal for Leptothecata compared to Bouillon²⁸, Cornelius^4,5 and the WoRMS database².

From: Towards a phylogenetic classification of Leptothecata (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa)

Group	Code	Mono (Y/N)?	Bouillon 1995	WoRMS 2015	Cornelius^4,5	P/M
LEPTOTHECATA		Y	Subclass; Fleming, 1828 (=Thecatae)	Order; Cornelius, 1992	Subclass; Cornelius, 1992(=Leptothecatae)	P/M
PROBOSCOIDA	P	N	Order; Broch, 1909	Suborder; Broch, 1910 (not accepted: “polyphyletic assemblage”)	Order; Broch, 1910	P
Campanulariida	P	N	Suborder; Johnston, 1836	absent	Suborder; Bouillon 1984
Campanularioidea	P	N	Johnston, 1836	absent	Johnston, 1837
Phialuciidae + Campanulariidae	P_1	X	absent	absent	absent	P
Phialuciidae	P_1.1	NS	Kramp, 1955	=	=	M
Campanulariidae	P_1.2	N	Johnston, 1836	=	Johnston, 1837	M
Bonneviellidae	P_2	N	Broch, 1909	=	Order; Broch, 1910	P
CONICA	C	N	Order; Broch, 1909	Genus; Broch, 1910 (not accepted: “polyphyletic assemblage”)	Order; Broch, 1910	P
Campanulinida + Lafoeida	Ce_1	N	absent	absent	absent	P
Lafoeida	C_1	N	Suborder; Agassiz, 1865	absent	Suborder; Bouillon 1984	P
Lafoeoidea	C_1	N	Agassiz, 1865	absent	=	P
Clathrozoidae	C_1.1	NS	Stechow, 1921	=	=	P
Hebellidae	C_1.2**	N	absent (part of Lafoeidae)	Fraser, 1912	=	P/M
Lafoeidae	C_1.3	N	Agassiz, 1865	Hincks, 1868	=	P
Campanulinida	C_2	N	Suborder; Hincks, 1868	absent	Suborder; Bouillon, 1984	P
Campanulinoidea	C_3 & C_11**	N	Hincks, 1868	absent	=	**
Campanulinidae	C_3	N	Hincks, 1868	=	=	M
Campanulinida - Campanulinidae	C_4	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Laodiceoidea	C_5	Y*	Browne, 1907	absent	Agassiz, 1862	M
Laodiceidae	C_5.1	Y*	Browne, 1907	Agassiz, 1862	= WoRMS	P/M
Tiarannidae	C_5.2	N	Russell, 1940	Russell, 1950	=	P/M
Dipleurosomatoidea + Mitrocomoidea + Lovenelloidea + Eirenoidea + Campanulinoidea*	C_6	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Dipleurosomatoidea	C_7	X	Boeck, 1866	absent	=	M
Orchistomatidae	C_7.1	NS	Bouillon, 1984 (=Orchistomidae)	=(Orchistomidae: “incorrect formation of family name”)	Bouillon, 1984 (recognized as “Orchistomidae”)	M
Dipleurosomatidae	C_7.2	NS	Boeck, 1866	Russell, 1953	=	P/M
Melicertidae	C_7.3	X	Agassiz, 1862	=	=	P/M
Mitrocomoidea + Lovenelloidea + Eirenoidea + Campanulinoidea*	C_8	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Mitrocomoidea	C_9	N	Torrey, 1909	absent	Haeckel, 1879	M
Mitrocomidae	=C_9	N	Torrey, 1909	Haeckel, 1879	= WoRMS	M
Lovenelloidea + Eirenoidea + Campanulinoidea*	C_10	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Campanulinoidea* (= Campanulinoidea - Campanulinidae)	C_11	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Malagazziidae + Aequoreidae	C_12	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Malagazziidae	C_12.1	X	Bouillon, 1984	=	=	M
Aequoreidae	C_12.2	N	Eschscholtz, 1829	=	=	M
Blackfordiidae + Phialellidae + Sugiuridae	C_13	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Blackfordiidae	C_13.1	X	Bouillon, 1984	=	not sampled	P/M
Phialellidae	C_13.2	X	Russell, 1953	=	=	P/M
Sugiuridae	C_13.3	X	Bouillon, 1984	=	not sampled	P/M
Lovenelloidea + Eirenoidea	C_14	N	absent	absent	absent	M
Lovenelloidea	C_15	N	Russell, 1953	absent	=	M
Cirrholoveniidae	C_15.1	NS	Bouillon, 1984	=	=	P
Lovenellidae	C_15.2	N	Russell, 1953	=	=	P
Eucheilotidae	C_15.3	N	Picard, 1958	not accepted (synonymous of Lovenellidae)	Bouillon, 1984	P
Eirenoidea	C_16	N	Haeckel, 1879	absent	=	M
Eirenidae	C_16	N	Haeckel, 1879**	=	=	M
Haleciida + Plumulariida	Ce 2	N	absent	absent	absent	P
Haleciida	Ce_3	N	Suborder; Hincks, 1868	absent	Suborder; Bouillon, 1984	P
Halecioidea	Ce_3	N	Hincks, 1868	absent	=	P
Haleciidae	Ce_3	N	Hincks, 1868	=	=
Plumulariida	Ce_4**	N	Hincks, 1868	absent	Suborder; Bouillon, 1984
Sertularioidea	Ce_5**	N	Lamouroux, 1812	absent	=	P
Sertulariidae	Ce_5.1	N	Lamouroux, 1812	=	=	P
Syntheciidae	Ce_5.2	X	Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890	=	=	P
Plumularioidea	Ce_6	Y	Hincks, 1868	McCrady, 1859***	Agassiz, 1862	P
Aglaopheniidae	Ce_6.1	Y	Broch, 1918	Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890	Agassiz, 1862	P
Kirchenpaueriidae	Ce_6.2	Y	Millard 1962	Stechow, 1921; Marktanner-Turneretscher, 1890***	Considered Subfamily Kirchenpaueriinae Stechow, 1921 (in Plumulariidae)	P
Halopterididae	Ce_6.3	N	Millard, 1962	=	**Considered Subfamily Halopteriinae Millard, 1962 (in Plumulariidae)	P
Plumulariidae	Ce_6.4	Y	Hincks, 1868	Agassiz, 1862; McCrady, 1859***	Agassiz, 1862**	P

The column “Mono” reports whether the corresponding group is monophyletic according to our working hypothesis. Asterisks indicate monophyly but for one terminal, X indicate that only one representative terminal of the group was sampled (therefore we are unable to fully ascertain the phylogenetic status of the group in our analysis) and NS indicates that no representative of the group was sampled. Taxonomic status and authorship according to the sources above are listed under respective columns. The symbol (=) indicates that taxonomy and authorship are identical to Bouillon²⁸. Groups proposed in XIX century are in boldface. “P/M” indicates if original proposal was mainly based on polyp (P), medusae (M) characters or both (P/M). New taxonomic proposal and differences from Bouillon²⁸ and WoRMS² are also presented in Fig. 4, Table 4 and Table S1.
Figure 4
Cladogram (A): Classification of the Leptothecata following Bouillon²⁸.
Colors indicate representative clades. Codes at the base of the branches from Table 3. Asterisk indicates non-monophyletic, original proposal. Cladogram (B): comparison of the clades following Bouillon²⁸ (left, defining the families) with the principal clades and lineages we propose herein (right, see Fig. 1); the symbol ^o indicates clades already defined in the literature⁴⁵. Colors indicate representative clades and the numbers at the bases of the branches indicate a summary of the relative position according to Bouillon²⁸ and this study. Clades defined by more than one family in Bouillon²⁸ are indicated by a combination of colors and number of the family in each case. Rogue taxa were not included and double asterisks indicate families absent from Bouillon²⁸.
Full size image
**differences in the contents considering original proposal from Bouillon²⁸.
***=considering Calder¹⁰⁷.

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Table 3 Taxonomic proposal for Leptothecata compared to Bouillon²⁸, Cornelius^4,5 and the WoRMS database².

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