Table 1 Characteristics of participants categorized by body mass index.

From: Blood lead level and its association with body mass index and obesity in China - Results from SPECT-China study

 

Normal

Overweight

Obesity

Men

 N (%)

1301 (58.2)

820 (36.7)

114 (5.1)

Age, yr

54 (43–64)

53 (43–62)

55 (47–63)

HDL, mmol/L

1.41 (1.21–1.61)

1.23 (1.09–1.43)*

1.23 (1.03–1.39)*

LDL, mmol/L

2.72 (2.31–3.18)

3.07 (2.65–3.51)*

3.12 (2.57–3.66)*

Blood lead level, μg/L

44.90 (30.00–63.51)

43.02 (28.80–61.00)

43.75 (26.70–60.12)

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.20 (0.90–1.72)

1.79 (1.26–2.57)*

2.09 (1.49–2.97)*

Diabetes, %

10.9

16.8*

26.3*

Dyslipidemia, %

23.8

47.0*

60.5*

Hypertension, %

39.1

53.6*

72.6*

Current smoker, %

48.0

47.4

57.9

Rural/urban residence, %

58.2/41.8

47.1/52.9*

42.1/57.9*

Low/high economic status, %

25.6/74.4

30.4/69.6*

29.8/70.2

Women

 N (%)

2209 (66.5)

928 (27.9)

186 (5.6)

Age, yr

51 (40–61)

57 (48–63)*

58 (50–65)*

HDL, mmol/L

1.53 (1.34–1.76)

1.42 (1.24–1.64)*

1.36 (1.18–1.58)*

LDL, mmol/L

2.76 (2.33–3.25)

3.01 (2.59–3.54)*

3.10 (2.70–3.50)*

Blood lead level, μg/L

36.35 (25.00–52.00)

40.30 (26.00–58.74)*

44.35 (28.47–63.68)*

Triglycerides, mmol/L

1.08 (0.81–1.51)

1.45 (1.06–2.03)*

1.65 (1.22–2.29)*

Diabetes, %

6.8

15.2*

21.0*

Dyslipidemia, %

22.7

38.4*

48.6*

Hypertension, %

30.5

50.9*

66.5*

Current smoker, %

2.4

2.2

4.1

Rural/urban residence, %

55.5/44.5

60.5/39.5*

67.2/32.8*

Low/high economic status, %

32.1/67.9

25.9/74.1*

23.7/76.3*

  1. HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
  2. *P < 0.05, compared with normal group; P < 0.05, compared with overweight group.
  3. Data are summarized as median (interquartile range) for continuous variables or as number with proportion for categorical variables. Kruskal-Wallis test were used for continuous variables and Pearson chi-square test for categorical variables.
  4. Overweight and obese adults were defined based upon BMI measures of 25–29.9 kg/m2 and ≥30 kg/m2, respectively. Dyslipidemia was defined as total cholesterol ≥6.22 mmol/L, triglycerides ≥2.26 mmol/L, LDL-C ≥ 4.14 mmol/L or HDL-C < 1.04 mmol/L, or self-reported previous diagnosis of hyperlipidemia by physicians.