Figure 4

(a) MR curves with and without the nanoparticles measured with GMR sensors without any photoresist masks. The resistances of the sensors were obtained while an external magnetic field was swept. The blue line is the MR curve before adding nanoparticles and the red represents the MR curve 30 mins after the nanoparticles are added. The y-axis is the resistance of the sensors divided by the nominal resistance (with no magnetic field). (b) Temporal changes in MR induced by bindings of streptavidin-coated nanoparticles to biotinylated BSA on the sensors. MR curves were obtained every 3 mins after adding the nanoparticles. The signal responses to the magnetic field changes were measured before adding nanoparticles and used to correct the signals after adding the nanoparticles by the external magnetic field measured.