Figure 4

Conceptual diagram for water-mediated interannual responses of vegetation activity to the seasonal VDNC in the mid- and high-latitudinal NH.
The green and red lines indicate the effects of seasonal variations in diurnal warming on plant photosynthesis/GPP and autotrophic respiration (), respectively. The relative importance of the impacts and the relative warming rates between seasons are indicated by the line width (broader lines indicate greater importance). The blue arrow indicates the general soil water content following the transitions of seasons. The lighter blue color indicates more intense drought limitations for vegetation growth. The gray arrow indicates an unclear process. See also Reichstein et al. (2013) for the effects of extreme events on terrestrial ecosystems.