Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the study population.

From: Comprehensive maternal serum proteomics identifies the cytoskeletal proteins as non-invasive biomarkers in prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects

Discovery set (iTRAQ 5-Plex) (set 1) (n = 50)

 

Control (n = 10)

TOFa (n = 10)

VSDb (n = 10)

PTAc (n = 10)

MIXd (n = 10)

MAe (y)

28.0 ± 2.7

29.0 ± 2.9

29.2 ± 1.6

27.8 ± 5.3

29.9 ± 2.9

GAf (w)

24.0 ± 0.7

23.8 ± 0.8

24.4 ± 0.9

24.8 ± 2.2

24.2 ± 1.0

MRM-Validation set (set 2) (n = 42)

 

Control (n = 20)

CHD (n = 22)

 

TOF (n = 4)

VSD (n = 4)

PTA (n = 4)

TOAg (n = 4)

HLHSh (n = 3)

SVi (n = 3)

MA

27.1 ± 5.0

30.6 ± 2.6

28.4 ± 1.7

29.0 ± 2.9

28.0 ± 1.1

28.7 ± 5.1

27.7 ± 4.7

GA

24.2 ± 1.4

24.2 ± 1.6

23.4 ± 1.1

24.0 ± 1.4

24.4 ± 1.7

24.7 ± 2.3

23.3 ± 1.5

ELISA-Validation set (set 3) (n = 178)

 

Control (n = 60)

CHD (n = 118)

 

TOF (n = 41)

VSD (n = 21)

TOA (n = 13)

PTA (n = 12)

HLHS (n = 10)

SV (n = 6)

PSj (n = 6)

OTk (n = 9)

MA

28.4 ± 4.2

29.8 ± 4.8

27.3 ± 4.0

27.1 ± 3.7

28.0 ± 3.9

26.4 ± 5.4

29.0 ± 3.8

28.8 ± 3.8

28.3 ± 3.9

GA

24.3 ± 1.4

24.5 ± 1.5

23.6 ± 1.4

24.6 ± 1.1

24.3 ± 1.5

24.5 ± 1.3

23.7 ± 1.0

24.7 ± 1.2

23.9 ± 1.3

Different GA set (normal pregnancy) (set 4) (n = 160)

 

8–10w (n = 20)

16–19w (n = 20)

22–26w (n = 60)

32–34w (n = 20)

38–40w (n = 20)

NPl (n = 20)

MA

29.4 ± 4.9

28.9 ± 3.2

28.4 ± 4.2

29.1 ± 4.4

29.3 ± 3.9

29.5 ± 3.0

GA

9.1 ± 0.8

17.6 ± 1.1

24.3 ± 1.4

32.8 ± 0.8

38.6 ± 0.7

0

Heart tissue specimens (set 5) (n = 8)

 

CHD cohort

Control cohort

Defects

TOA

PTA

TOF

TOF

Control 1

Control 2

Control 3

Control 4

MA

28

30

26

25

24

26

27

30

GA

23

25

25

26

22

24

25

26

Gender

female

male

male

female

female

male

male

female

  1. aTetralogy of Fallot.
  2. bVentricular septal defects.
  3. cPersistent truncus arteriosus.
  4. dMixture of relatively rare types of CHDs (e.g., single ventricle, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, endocardial cushion defect, aortic stenosis, cardiac rhabdomyoma).
  5. eMaternal age.
  6. fGestational age.
  7. gTransposition of the great arteries.
  8. hHypoplastic left heart syndrome.
  9. iSingle ventricle.
  10. jPulmonary artery valve stenosis.
  11. kOther defects (e.g., endocardial cushion defect, aortic stenosis, cardiac rhabdomyoma, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection and levocardia).
  12. lNonpregnant. „▲„ represent the same cohort.