Figure 1
Cistus incanus extract inhibits infectivity of a broad range of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV).
(A) Antiviral activity of Cistus incanus (Ci) extract inhibits HIV type 1 and HIV type 2 isolates. Inhibition of infection was evaluated with human HIV reporter cells (LC5-RIC or LC5-RIC-R5 for HIV-1AD8(R5)) using HIV-1 isolates with different coreceptor tropisms (HIV-1LAI: X4-tropic; HIV-1AD8(R5): R5-tropic), HIV-1 clinical isolates belonging to the M (Major) (HIV-1MMVP899-87) or the O (Outlier) group (HIV-1OMVP5180-91), a clinical isolate of HIV type 2 (HIV-2MVP10668-93 ) and a clinical HIV-1 isolate with multiple drug resistances (HIV-1V13-03413B). (B) Cistus incanus (Ci) extract inhibits HIV infection of primary human target cells. Interleukin-2 stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were exposed to HIV-1LAI or HIV-1OMVP5180-91 virus in the presence of different concentrations of Ci extract. Levels of infectious virus produced by the PBMC were determined by analysing culture supernatants of the PBMC with LC5-RIC cells. Experiments were performed with PBMCs from 3 donors. Dose-response curves are shown for 3 independent infection assays, each performed with 6 concentrations of Ci extract between 100 μg/ml and 3.12 μg/ml. Symbols signify mean values and error bars the standard deviation of the mean. EC50 signifies the calculated half maximal effective concentration.
