Figure 3
Choline, but not L-carnitine or ergothioneine, serves as a potent competitor in DNR uptake into the TOV2223G cells.
The cells were first seeded in 6-well plate onto coverslips at 5 × 105 cells in growth media and allowed to grow overnight. The next day the media was removed and the attached cells were pre-incubated with uptake buffer for 20 min at 37 °C. DNR (5 μM) and selected competitors at the indicated concentrations were mixed together in uptake buffer and added to cells on coverslips, followed by incubation for 1 h. Cells were fixed and images were captured and processed as in Fig. 1E. For panel E, the sodium chloride in the uptake buffer was substituted with N-methyl-D-glucamine. Choline denoted as CHL. Results are representative of at least three separate experiments.
