Table 1 Baseline (preoperative) demographic variables, subject characteristics and IGF-I levels.

From: Association between Serum IGF-I levels and Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Subjects Undergoing Elective Knee Arthroplasty

Variable

Non-Delirious (n = 76)

Delirious (n = 22)

P-value1

Demographic and Clinical Characteristics

Age (years)

73.7 ± 5.2

72.5 ± 4.4

0.351

Sex (female)

50%

59%

0.479

Caucasian

92.1%

81.8%

0.225

BMI

31.1 ± 7.3

31.7 ± 7.6

0.692a

Education (years)

14.9 ± 3.2

14.6 ± 3.2

0.663

ASA score of 3†

60.5%

54.6%

0.631

Mini-Mental State Exam, median (range)

30 (24, 30)

29 (26, 30)

0.161b

Hemoglobin (g/dl)

13.4 ± 1.6

13.3 ± 1.1

0.718

Preoperative % oxygen saturation

96.9 ± 1.6%

97 ± 1.7%

0.800

Number of preoperative comorbidities

3.4 ± 1.8

3.2 ± 1.4

0.711

Frequency of comorbidities:

 Coronary artery disease

15.8%

27.3%

0.226

 Diabetes

10.5%

22.7%

0.159

 Hypertension

75.0%

81.8%

0.582

 Hyperlipidemia

44.7%

45.5%

1.000

 Obstructive sleep apnea

9.2%

31.8%

0.014

 Benign prostatic hypertrophy

19.7%

9.1%

0.345

 Incontinence

11.8%

9.1%

1.000

 Gastroesophageal reflux disorder

32.9%

31.8%

1.000

Preoperative IGF-I serum level (ng/mL)

 Mean ± SD

68.4 ± 31.6

57.0 ± 18.6

–a

 Geometric mean (Geom. SD)

62.3 (1.10)

53.6 (1.07)

0.146b

 Median (range)

65.9 (17.2, 204)

62.6 (19.6, 87.3)

0.141c

  1. †All subjects had a preoperative ASA score of either 2 (mild systemic disease) or 3 (severe systemic disease).
  2. 1Two-sample t-test (equal or unequal variances as appropriate) on continuous variables for which normality assumption is tenable, unless indicated otherwise; Fisher’s exact on categorical variables.
  3. aTwo-sample t-test p = 0.037, but outliers make normality assumption untenable.
  4. bTwo-sample t-test on logarithms.
  5. cTwo-sample (rank-sum) Wilcoxon test.
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