Figure 1
ESW promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
(a) Micrographs showed the similar morphology of the cultured human BMSCs, TDSCs and ADSCs. (b) The isolated cells were presented with similar positive expression of CD73, CD90 and CD105. (c) Cell suspensions (1.0 × 106 cells in 2 ml complete culture medium) were subjected to ESW treatment. (d) Both alizarin Red staining and ALP activity shows that single ESW treatment can promote the osteogenic differentiation in all the tested three types of MSCs. (e) The transcriptional expression levels of osteocalcin and RUNX2 were determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Both osteocalcin and RUNX2 mRNA were significantly elevated in ESW groups, at 2 weeks post treatment. (f) The expressions of FAK and its phosphorylated form at the site of tyrosine 397 (p-FAK) were analyzed by western blotting. Representative images demonstrated that the FAK signaling pathway was activated within the first 4 hours post-ESW treatment in the tested MSCs. a, P < 0.01 as compared to the indicated group, using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test. Results are presented with mean ± S.D. (error bars) calculated from four paired triplicate experiments. Scale bars, 100 μm.
