Figure 1

Locomotor activity and 24-hour variations in clock gene expression in the medaka liver.

(A) Representative double-plotted actograms of adult medaka. Each tank contained 5 medaka, with light-dark conditions consisting of a light period (08:00–20:00) and a dark period (20:00–8:00) for an L:D ratio of 12:12 h. (B) Overall change in daily activity of adult medaka by time series. A series of points representing the average of data is plotted. Step size is 60 mins. (C) Variations in per1 and bmal1 expression levels in the adult medaka liver under light and dark conditions (12:12 LD cycle). Levels are expression relative to 18S rRNA expression. The black and white bars in the upper panel show the light and dark periods, respectively. The horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis shows the values relative to ZT4. All P-values were evaluated using the Student’s t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01