Figure 1: Bulk tensile stiffness of embryonic chick gut.
From: How Tissue Mechanical Properties Affect Enteric Neural Crest Cell Migration
(a) Side view of a tensed E5.5 gut. The end of the fiber (total length ~10 cm) is seen on the right (white arrow), α: fiber deflection angle, HG: hindgut, IL: ileum, JEJ: jejunum. Inset: Typical stress-strain load and unload curve for E5.5 chick gut ileum. The slope of the loading curve yields the modulus. Creep is observed, as the gut does not return to its initial length immediately after unloading. (b) High-magnification view of a gut sprinkled with carbon particles, which serve as deformation tracers for particle image velocimetry (PIV), (c) Change in the elastic modulus (Pa) in the jejunum and hindgut regions of the chick gut at the jejunum colonization stage (E4.5–E5, n = 5) and during hindgut colonization (E7.5, n = 5). Error bar length is the standard deviation across samples. A star indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05, two-tailed Mann-Whitney test).
