Figure 2
From: Thermodynamics and efficiency of an autonomous on-chip Maxwell’s demon
Entropy production rate and cooling power dependence on temperature and bias voltage.
(a) Entropy production rate 
and the coarse grained entropy production rate 
in the fast Demon limit (RD = 10−3R) in different operating temperatures as a function of bias to coupling energy ratio. The coarse grained entropy is always negative and underestimates the entropy production. At low enough operating temperatures, there exists an optimal non zero bias voltage where the cooling is maximized. In higher temperatures no cooling is obtained. Temperatures used here are 
, 
and 
. (b) Minimum system dissipation rate 
(with optimal bias voltage) as a function of operating temperature with three different Demon reaction rates 
. Smaller resistance RD makes the Demon faster and more cooling is obtained. At temperatures higher than T3 no cooling is obtained, while there exists an optimal operating temperature T2 where the cooling power is maximized. Results are obtained by numerically solving the master equation with rates of Eq. (2).
