Figure 8: Scheme of transmembrane Na+ translocation by NaR.

Protein structure is shown according to Gushchin et al.11. The Shiff base proton and pumped Na+ are indicated by blue and red spheres, respectively. Na+ movement is shown by red arrows.

Protein structure is shown according to Gushchin et al.11. The Shiff base proton and pumped Na+ are indicated by blue and red spheres, respectively. Na+ movement is shown by red arrows.