Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Intraoperative Identification of Liver Cancer Microfoci Using a Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Imaging-Guided Surgery

Figure 3

Intraoperative detection of residual tumour tissue.

An example of surgical tumour residual assessment. (A–C) Both NIR and GFP fluorescent images confirmed the tumour lesion before the resection. (D) The surgeon determined that the tumour tissue was removed without the help of intraoperative NIR-FMI. (E,F) Both NIR and GFP confirmed there was a microtumour residual, which was completely unrecognisable in (D). Notably, the NIR image offered better tumour-to-normal tissue contrast after a shorter exposure time (NIR versus GFP: 2 versus 40 s, respectively). (G–I) With ICG/MSNs-RGD-mediated NIR-FMI, the surgeon removed the micro residual completely (H), which was also confirmed by the GFP image in (I). Experiments were run six times for each surgeon (two surgeons participated). Scale bar, 7 mm.

Back to article page