Figure 4
From: Human activity accelerating the rapid desertification of the Mu Us Sandy Lands, North China

RDE threshold model for the Mu Us Sandy Lands based on responses to climate change and human activity indicated by fire records.
(A) As precipitation decreases, the system moves towards a drier state, resulting in a crossing of the RDE threshold12. (B) After superimposing human activity, under a background of decreasing precipitation, we encounter the irreversible destruction of vegetation beyond the RDE threshold, when vegetation is used for fuel.